There are lots of procedures for measuring COD, each with its advantages and drawbacks. The most common strategies consist of the dichromate approach, the permanganate strategy, and the closed reflux method.
Among ninety five-one hundred% of all organic material could be oxidized by dichromate. When dichromate oxidizes a substance It can be converted into a trivalent kind of chromium, that's a dull eco-friendly color.
COD contrasts with biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), which relies on the use of microorganisms to stop working the organic and natural content within the sample by aerobic respiration more than an incubation period of time (commonly five times).
Insert the COD reagent blank to the sample compartment and press the Zero/Test essential. The “cod” symbol will flash for approximately eight seconds.
Protected the cap onto Each individual COD vial. Make sure never to overtighten the cap since it could hurt the closure.
COD is Employed in wastewater treatment to evaluate the level of natural pollutants in wastewater. It's a important parameter in the look and operation of treatment crops, as it provides an estimate of the amount of oxygen which will be required to oxidize the organic make any difference during the wastewater.
Influent waters coming into wastewater plants are higher in organics plus the wastewater plant will have to decrease the “organic and natural loading” right before discharging check here h2o to some getting body.
Alternatively, the absorbance of hexavalent chromium at 420 nm may be used to ascertain the level of excess chromium at the conclusion of digestion to determine COD values.
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High COD stages imply a significant quantity of oxidizable organic materials in the answer, which can lessen the level of dissolved oxygen obtainable for aquatic everyday living.
Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) is the quantity of oxygen necessary from the microorganisms to stop working natural material, Whilst chemical oxygen demand (COD) is the quantity of oxygen needed to break down the natural and organic substance through chemical oxidation.
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Wastewater services minimize COD and BOD by making use of these similar microbes beneath managed situations. These services aerate chambers injected with specialized microbes which can stop working the organic make any difference in an natural environment that does not harm all-natural waters. A discount in BOD is used in these services to be a benchmark for cure effectiveness.
Combined with the potassium dichromate read more in fifty% sulfuric acid Option, pre-organized COD vials also contain silver sulfate being a catalyst and mercuric sulfate to remove chloride interference. So, COD vials are considered hazardous squander and have to be managed and disposed of in an authorised manner.